Wɔato gua · Twi

ChinaMNC: Sɛ Wopɛ Sɛ Wobue Adwuma Wɔ China A, Ɛhe Ɔkwan Pa?

Ntɛmntɛm a wɔde si adwuma wɔ China no, ɛho hia sɛ wopaw kwan pa. Nsɛm a ɛfa WFOE, Joint Venture, ne Representative Office ho, ne sɛnea wobɛpaw nea ɛfata wo adwuma.

Nkɔmohɔmɔ: Saa nsɛm yi yɛ nsɛm a ɛboa ntease nko ara. Ɛnyɛ mmara anaa tow nkrataa. Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wobue adwuma wɔ China a, ɔtemmuafoɔ a ɔnim China mmara ne tow ho nsɛm na ɛsɛ sɛ ɔboa wo.

Adwuma a Wobɛsi Wɔ China: Nsɛm a Ɛsɛ Sɛ Wohwɛ

China yɛ ɔman a ne dwumadie kɔ so yɛ den na ne mmara sesa bere biara. Sɛ woyɛ ɔhɔhoɔ a wopɛ sɛ wobue adwuma wɔ China a, biribiara a ɛho hia paa ne sɛ wobɛpaw “entity” a ɛfata. Entity kyerɛ kwan a wo adwuma bɛfa so anya tumi wɔ China. Ɛnyɛ biribiara a wɔpaw no sɛ ɛyɛ papa; ɛgyina wo adwuma su, wo sika, ne sɛnea wopɛ sɛ woyɛ adwuma so.

Nnipa pii ka sɛ “China yɛ den” nanso biribiara fi aseɛ firi sɛ wobɛte aseɛ. Enti yɛbɛhwɛ kwan ahodoɔ a ɛtaa ba: WFOE, Joint Venture, ne Representative Office. Yɛbɛhwɛ nea ɛyɛ papa ne nea ɛnyɛ papa ma obiara.

WFOE (Wholly Foreign-Owned Enterprise)

WFOE yɛ adwuma a ɔhɔhoɔ bi anaa ɔhɔhoɔ kuw bi wɔ no kɔɔ so wɔ China, na wɔn nko ara na wɔwɔ no. Ɛyɛ kwan a ɛtaa yɛ aborɔfoɔ pii a wɔpɛ sɛ wɔwɔ tumi wɔ wɔn adwuma so no.

Ne Papa

• Tumi: Wobɛtumi adi wo adwuma so kɛseɛ, na wo nko ara na wosi gyinaeɛ wɔ nneɛma pii ho.
• Sika a Wonya: Wobɛtumi anya sika firi wo adwuma mu kɔ wo kurom, sɛ mmara kwan so.
• Nnwuma Ahodoɔ: Wobɛtumi ayɛ nnwuma pii, te sɛ aguadi, manufacturing, ne services, sɛ wo kwan no bɛyɛ den.
• Nkɔso: Wobɛtumi anya wo adwuma no aba sɛ ɛyɛ wo deɛ ankasa, na ɛboa ma wonya ahotɔ wɔ nhyehyɛeɛ mu.

Ne Ɔhaw

• Sika a Wɔhwehwɛ: Wɔtaa hwehwɛ sɛ wobɛhyɛ sika a ɛyɛ kɛseɛ wɔ banki. Sɛ ɛyɛ nnwuma ahodoɔ a, sika no bɛyɛ den.
• Bere: Ntɛmntɛm a wɔde si WFOE no yɛ den, na ɛtaa fa bosome pii.
• Nnwuma a Wɔmma Kwan: Nnwuma bi wɔ hɔ a wɔmma ɔhɔhoɔ nkwan so yɛ, enti ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ “negative list” no.

Joint Venture (JV)

Joint Venture yɛ adwuma a ɔhɔhoɔ ne China adwuma bi ka bom si. Ɛtaa yɛ papa wɔ nnwuma a wɔmma ɔhɔhoɔ nkwan so yɛ no mu, te sɛ nsɛm bi a ɛfa sikasɛm ne intanɛt ho.

Ne Papa

• Kwan a Wɔbue: Ɛboa ma wobɛnya kwan wɔ nnwuma a wɔmma ɔhɔhoɔ nkwan so yɛ no mu.
• Nimdeɛ ne Nkɔso: Wo China yɔnko no bɛtumi aboa wo ma woanya nimdeɛ wɔ ɔman no mu, ne nnipa a wɔnim adwuma no.
• Nnwuma a Ɛho Hia: Ɛtaa yɛ papa ma nnwuma a ɛho hia sɛ wonya ɔman no mu tumi.

Ne Ɔhaw

• Tumi a Wɔkyɛ: Wobɛkyɛ tumi ne sika. Sɛ wo yɔnko no pɛ biribiara a, ɛbɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛsi gyinaeɛ.
• Nkɔmmɔ: Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nhyehyɛeɛ pa wɔ akyiri, na ɛtaa yɛ den sɛ wɔbɛsesa no.
• Ntawntaw: Sɛ nkɔmmɔ nyɛ den a, ɛbɛtumi ama adwuma no asɛe. Enti ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ yɔnko pa.

Representative Office (RO)

Representative Office yɛ beaeɛ a ɔhɔhoɔ adwuma bi wɔ China, nanso ɛnyɛ adwuma a ɛyɛ sika. Ɛtaa yɛ beaeɛ a wɔhwɛ nsɛm so, te sɛ sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ wo adwuma wɔ China so, anaa wɔbɛyɛ nkɔmmɔ.

Ne Papa

• Mmerɛ: Ɛyɛ mmerɛ sɛ wɔsi no, na ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobɛhyɛ aseɛ.
• Sika: Sika a wɔhwehwɛ no sua, na ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobɛhwɛ so.
• Nnwuma: Ɛboa ma wotumi hwɛ nsɛm so a ɛnyɛ sika.

Ne Ɔhaw

• Ɛntumi Nnyɛ Sika: RO ntumi nnyɛ sika ankasa. Ɛnyɛ adwuma a wɔde yɛ aguadi.
• Nnwuma a Wɔmma Kwan: Wɔmma kwan sɛ wɔnyɛ nnwuma pii, enti ɛnyɛ papa ma nnwuma a wɔpɛ sɛ wonya sika.
• Bere: Ɛtaa yɛ beaeɛ a wɔde hwɛ nsɛm nko ara, enti sɛ wopɛ adwuma a ɛyɛ sika a, ɛnyɛ papa.

Ɛhe na Ɛsɛ Sɛ Wopaw?

Ɛnyɛ biribiara a ɛyɛ papa ma obiara. Ɛgyina wo adwuma su so:

• Sɛ wopɛ tumi ne sika a wonya: WFOE yɛ papa, sɛ wo nnwuma no wɔ kwan.
• Sɛ wo nnwuma no wɔ “negative list” so: JV bɛyɛ papa.
• Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wohwɛ nsɛm nko ara: RO bɛyɛ papa.
• Sɛ wo sika sua: RO bɛyɛ mmerɛ, nanso ɛntumi nnyɛ sika.

Bio, hwɛ sɛnea wobɛhwɛ tow ne mmara so. China mmara no sesa bere biara, enti ɛsɛ sɛ wonya ɔtemmuafoɔ a ɔnim China mmara ne tow ho nsɛm. Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wobue adwuma a, nsɛm a ɛfa banki, ntamgyinafoɔ, ne nnipa a wɔbɛyɛ adwuma no ho no, ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ so.

Nkɔso a Ɛho Hia

Bere a worepaw entity no, hwɛ nsɛm a ɛdidi soɔ yi:

• Negative List: Hwɛ nnwuma a wɔmma ɔhɔhoɔ nkwan so yɛ. Sɛ wo nnwuma no wɔ so a, WFOE ntumi nyɛ.
• Sika a Wɔhwehwɛ: Hwɛ sɛ sika a wɔhwehwɛ no bɛyɛ den ma wo.
• Bere: Hwɛ sɛ bere a wɔde bɛsi no bɛyɛ den ma wo.
• Nnipa: Hwɛ sɛ wubenya nnipa a wɔnim adwuma no.
• Tow: Hwɛ sɛnea tow bɛka wo sika so. Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔtemmuafoɔ boa wo.
• Akyiri Nhyehyɛeɛ: Hwɛ sɛnea wobɛsesa entity no daakye, ne sɛnea wobɛtumi agyae anaa wobɛsesa no.

China yɛ ɔman a ɛwɔ nkɔso kɛseɛ, nanso ɛho hia sɛ wote aseɛ yie. Enti nsɛm a ɛfa mmara ho no, ɛsɛ sɛ wonya ɔtemmuafoɔ a ɔnim adwuma no. Saa nsɛm yi yɛ nsɛm a ɛboa ntease nko ara, ɛnyɛ mmara anaa tow nkrataa.

Nsɛm a Wɔtaa Bisa

Metenaa sɛ WFOE ne JV ne RO no, ɛhe na ɛyɛ papa?

Ɛnyɛ biribiara. WFOE yɛ papa ma nnwuma a wɔpɛ tumi; JV yɛ papa ma nnwuma a wɔhwɛ so; RO yɛ papa ma beaeɛ a wɔhwɛ nsɛm so nko ara.

Metenaa sɛ mede m'ani bɛsi sika a wɔhwehwɛ so?

Sika a wɔhwehwɛ no gyina nnwuma ne beaeɛ so. Ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ mmara no, na ɛnyɛ biribiara a wɔtaa ka.

Metenaa sɛ mɛyɛ adwuma no me nko ara?

WFOE ma wo kwan sɛ woyɛ wo nko ara, nanso ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ nnwuma a wɔmma kwan no.

Metenaa sɛ mɛnya mmoa?

Ɛsɛ sɛ wonya ɔtemmuafoɔ a ɔnim China mmara ne tow ho nsɛm, ne ɔboafoɔ a ɔnim adwuma no.